FAQ
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Panel grades are typically selected based on three loading criteria: concentrated, ultimate and rolling load capacity. Concentrated and rolling load ratings for panels are based on tolerable deflection and permanent deformation allowances under design loads.
Ultimate load capacities are based on tolerable safety factors.
The task for the project specifier is to match expected floor loads with floor capacity.
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A panel’s rolling load rating represents its capacity to support one loaded wheel crossing it at a time. To translate the rating into actual floor capacity, you need to map the wheel spacing of your moving device. If the device has four wheels spaced more than 600mm apart, then the load will be distributed to four separate panels. If this is the case, and the load is evenly distributed, then the floor’s capacity for that device (with payload) is four times the panel rolling load rating. For example, SCS-1000 panels, rated at 662 lbs., will provide a floor with a maximum rolling load capacity of 2648 lbs. - for moving devices with wheels spaced more than 600mm apart. In another case, if a four-wheel device is less than 600mm wide (but has front-to-back wheel spacing more than 600mm), then the capacity for that device on a SCS-1000 floor is 1324 lbs. This is because the front and back sets of wheels have the ability to traverse a single panel at a time – thereby loading a panel with 662 lbs. - the panel’s rated capacity.
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The vertical clearance is simply determined by subtracting from the access floor height the depth of the access floor panel. The panels are 34mm deep. In a stringer system, the bottom of the stringer will be even with the bottom of the panel and therefore will not reduce the clearance. When laminated panels are used, the thickness of the covering must also be subtracted from the access floor height.
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There are several standard coverings that have been used with access floors for over two decades, and comprise the majority of factory laminations today.
High Pressure Laminate (HPL)
Electrical resistance: 1,000,000 ohms to 20,000 megaohms (1.0x10^6 - 2.0x10^10 ohms)
ESD PVC Vinyl (Conductive and Static Dissipative)
Conductive tile electrical resistance: 25,000 to 1 million ohms (2.5x10^4 - 1.0x10^6).
Static dissipative tile electrical resistance: 1 million to 100 million ohms (1.0x10^6 - 1.0x10^8).
Heterogeneous Vinyl (Wood Grain and Carpet Grain and Stone Grain)
Similar appearance of natural wood, carpet and natural stone, providing the aesthetic appeal without the associated maintenance requirements. Allowing for diverse design options to match different interior or exterior styles. It's durable and resistant to wear, making it suitable for various applications.
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Raised access floor is used to provide a means of creating a void below floor level which is capable of ensuring under floor services are available at the required place. These services will typically include the following; Electrical power, data, telecom, environmental control/air conditioning, fire detection and suppression, security, water and drainage. The use of a raised access floor will allow quick and easy access to these services for maintenance reasons. Also in today's office, the layout has to be modified to cater for changing requirements brought about by new technology, new personnel or new tenants to a building.
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Raised access floors are used extensively to provide the following benefits; Quick and easy access to the ever-increasing volume of Power, data, telecom, cables(wires). For maintenance, rerouting or upgrading of the above with as little disruption as possible to the work process. The under-floor void or cavity/plenum is often used as a large duct for HVAC systems. Buildings need to be adaptable to the needs of incoming occupiers and lend themselves to new office organizations and layouts with the redirection of services.
Raised access floors provide the dynamism to space when used as open office area allowing to change the layout with minimum down time to suit client's needs.
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The key components of a raised access flooring system can be defined as follows;
Panel: This is the horizontal load bearing component of a raised floor. It is normally 600x600mm or 610x610mm, these floor panels will be supplied as either bare finished to accept a carpet tile finish on site or, with a factory bonded HPL or ESD PVC.
Pedestal: This is the complete vertical, adjustable supporting structure to the raised access floor panels. The pedestals are normally bonded to the sub floor using an epoxy/polyurethane adhesive with mechanical fixings also provided if required. The pedestal assembly provides vertical adjustment of 25mm to allow the raised access floor to be installed flat and level despite undulations in the subfloor. The pedestal head provides panel location and also when required a means of fixing the panel to the pedestal head.
Stringer: This is a horizontal component that connects pedestals together. It connects to the pedestal head and is used to provide additional lateral support at greater floor height and/or increase the structural performance of the raised access floor system.
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There should be more than one panel grades available to accommodate different floor loading conditions.
CISCA: This is a USA based Standard. It has specific sections (10270, 96900) related to Access Floors. Details on Floor panels, grades, understructure and its maximum permissible deflection and load bearing capacities are indicated, also manufacturer's, fabrication tolerance viz size, flatness, Squareness, are laid down in this manual.
PSA MOB PF2 PS/SPU: Specification outlines four grades of raised access flooring: light, medium, heavy and extra heavy. In addition, it identifies which grade of floor should be used for specific application areas, e.g. medium grade for general office areas.
BS EN 12825: Allows specifiers to specify raised access flooring based upon selection by 6 classes of ultimate load ranging from 4kN to in excess of 12kN. In addition, there is the selection of either the factor of safety as 2 or 3 max. (2 safety factors and 3 maximum) with allowable panel deflections under working load conditions.
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Yes. The pedestals should be height-adjustable generally it is around ±25mm however it can vary form system to system and the specification of the manufacturer in areas where the level difference is beyond the permissible limit of the adjustment of the system the same needs to be intimated well in advance to the contractors where pedestal of various FFH can be manufactured and bought to site to achieve the desired leveled floor.
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Cement-filled panels are fully non-combustible even when the core materials are exposed. Panels containing combustible materials may require the attachment of separate enclosure pieces where they have been cut.
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This subject is best handled by the electrical consultant and executed by the electrical contractor. Grounding of an access floor is accomplished by connecting grounding wires as specified by the electrical consultant to the pedestal heads or base with connectors available with the electrical contractor. The type of understructure used determines the quantity (or networking) of building ground wires required for the system.
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Raised access flooring panels should only be lifted using the correct lifting device i.e. vacuum lifter or spiked carpet lifter (if the panels are factory bonded with carpet tiles). Panels should be lifted vertically with no hinging movement. Panels should be replaced in a vertical movement ensuring that the panel is seated on the pedestals correctly.
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